they wanted more political and economical power,they wanted independence to have their own nation,maybe stop the slavery?
Answer:
For number 1. The divine rights (of kings) was a concept that said the kings and queens had a god given right to rule and anyone who went against them sinned, when the Enlightenment era started this gave people a better rule of individualism and that god exist but does not interact supernaturally with the universe therefor debunking that kings and queens could rule in gods name.
2. this was a great era of change, restrictions of torture and education for girls came during the enlightenment era. science played a huge role and people started looking for facts instead of using god as the way for everything.
The capture of Iwo Jima and the firebombing of Tokyo. b.) The U.S. concession that he would remain in power and the fear of the atomic bomb.