There exist factors endogenous to all modern Arab monarchical regimes to which we can attribute their resilience in the face of the Arab Spring. The first and perhaps the most important of these in the context of the Arab Spring is that all of the eight monarchies existing today are able to foster a degree of legitimacy in their governance that presidents cannot attest to, deeming the overthrow of the monarchy in the name of democratization a more formidable task that is less imaginable by their people. Furthermore, varying structural factors of the regimes also play a significant role in their resilience. In general, the survival of monarchical regimes is contingent on their institutional flexibility in attentive management of the regime’s coalition of supporters and society at large. The eight modern Arab monarchies vary, however, in their relationship between the regime coalition and society, leading to varying survival strategies.
Answer:
Penumbra: Outer, partial shadow: Sun's disc is only partly blocked, with a bit. They only occur during Full Moon when the Earth is between the Moon and the Sun. Umbra during a total lunar eclipse, these eclipses can be seen from the entire edge of the umbra, you will see an increasing fraction of the Sun peeking out
Explanation:
C) mountains
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