The Zhou Dynasty used the notion of the Mandate of Heaven to defend the overthrow of the Shang Dynasty. The "Mandate of Heaven" is an earliest Chinese philosophical concept, which was created during the Zhou Dynasty(1046-256 BCE). The Mandate of Heaven decides whether a ruler of China is satisfactorily righteous to lead; if he does not accomplish his responsibilities as an emperor, then he fails the Mandate and thus the right to be emperor. Zhou leaders appealed that the Shang emperors had become fraudulent and unfit, so Heaven commanded their removal.
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Race” refers to physical differences that groups and cultures consider socially significant, while “ethnicity” refers to shared culture, such as language, ancestry, practices, and beliefs.
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Assuming you meant slave-owners some used biblical passages to justify it, and some just thought that blacks were a lesser race overall
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please mark brainliest :)
The Directory was a five-member committee which governed France from 1795, when it replaced the Committee of Public Safety, until it was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte in the Coup of 18 Brumaire (8–9 November 1799) and replaced by the French Consulate.
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all time literally Uhhhg I really want one
