Thanks to the Compromise of 1877, the era of Reconstruction in the South ended. Reconstruction was the period after the Civil War in which the federal government took an enormous role in helping former slaves to adjust to life as US citizens. However, thanks to the Compromise of 1877, the federal government stopped these efforts in the southern states, allowing for legal segregation to take place.
After 1877, Southern states instituted different places for black and white citizens. This included restaurants, movie theaters, parks, and schools. This legal segregation would be further supported by the Supreme Court in their ruling of Plessy vs. Ferguson.
The main failure of the Articles of Confederation was that it gave too much power to the states, basically the states were all divided into their own governments. The national government have too little power and couldn't properly control the states. The US Constitution was created to balance out the powers between state and national government.
3, it is not a length of time, it is a group
Im not sure where Prussia is but your answer is Poland im pretty sure
It would be the "Necessary and Proper Clause" that establishes many implied powers of Congress, since this allows Congress to do whatever is "necessary and proper" to keep the United States functioning.