1. The untypical way for a person to catch a disease is A. from pathogens in boiled water. Boiled water doesn't contain these - boiling a liquid makes it clear from any bacteria there may be.
2. The option which is not important to determine the cause of a mysterious disease is D. how wealthy the diseased people were, whereas all the other options are quite important and relevant.
Answer: A. Ascending and transverse colons
Explanation:
The ascending and transverse colons will be impaired due to injury because Blood from the superior mesenteric artery and parasympathic nerve fibres from the vagus nerve is collected by the ascending and transverse colon.
However, blood from the lower mesenteric artery and parasympathic nerve fibres from the pelvic splanchnic nerve originating from sacral spinal nerves (S2-S4) is provided by the descending and sigmoid colons.
Hence, the correct answer is A. "Ascending and transverse colons".