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harkovskaia [24]
3 years ago
12

Define the following FOUR terms:

History
2 answers:
Neko [114]3 years ago
6 0

Multinational state is a couyntry with different nations within in, normally these nations have different cultures and languages, for instance Russia, Spain and China are multinational states.The US and Brazil although big and having some native, pre-colombian peoples are still mostly homogenous cultures comparing to the other examples.

Federal state is a state like the US and Brazil which have a core set of laws and many regional laws and local governments that are not so dependable on the central government.  

Unitary state is a country which concentrates most of its administration -- laws, in one central figure,normally smaller countries are unitarians as it is theoretically easier to manage, China is an exception as it has one single party which concentrates all the power around it.


Sovereignty is how independent a nation is, it can be fully independent as a country or be part of a multinational state and then different nations will have different degrees of freedom, for instance Hong Kong enjoys more freedom than most provinces in Continental China.

Yugoslavia was first a monarchy, then a socialist country under mostly the governance of Tito and then a short lived Parliamentary Republic which disolved in 2006. As the map shows there are many ethinical and religious groups in the place and they were forced by Belgrade to stick together,with the end of Communism in Europe in 1991 the different groups saw an opportunity to break free, the forces of Belgrade did not agree and Slobodan Milošević, Serbian president tried to reduce the auonomy of the diverse groups within Yuguslavia, he was later convicted for crimes against humanity inm Kosovo.  

denpristay [2]3 years ago
6 0

A)

  • <u>Multinational State:</u> Is a sovereign state which is formed by 2 or more nations (Group of people which shares the same language, ethnicity, economic life, and territory.)
  • <u>Federal State:</u> a Compound form of state which is formed by regional governments which are all administered under one general government (For example, The United States.)
  • <u>Unitary State:</u> State which is governed by single power which centralizes power. It could operate under regional divisions.
  • <u>Sovereignty:</u> It is the right of a state to govern itself under the borders of its territory, without any external interference of other powers.

B) The term that applies to the region depicted below (Yugoslavia) is a "Multinational State". It was formed by nations like Croatia and Bosnia while it existed.

C) A series of conflicts led to the separation of Yugoslavia. One of the defining moments was the Bosnian War, which was fought against Bosnian Croats (Catholic) and Bosnian Serbs (Orthodox). This ultimately led to the declaration of independence by the Croats on 29 February, 1992.  

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What are some similarities and differences between the conflict with the Barbary States and America's current campaign against t
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Answer:

The Barbary Wars

The practice of state-supported piracy and ransoming of captives was not wholly unusual for its time. Many European states commissioned privateers to attack each others’ shipping and also participated in the transatlantic slave trade. The two major European powers, Great Britain and France, found it expedient to encourage the Barbary States’ policy and pay tribute to them, as it allowed their merchant shipping an increased share of the Mediterranean trade, and Barbary leaders chose not to challenge the superior British or French navies.Prior to independence, American colonists had enjoyed the protection of the British Navy. However, once the United States declared independence, British diplomats were quick to inform the Barbary States that U.S. ships were open to attack. In 1785, Dey Muhammad of Algiers declared war on the United States and captured several American ships. The financially troubled Confederation Government of the United States was unable to raise a navy or the tribute that would protect U.S. ships.

In contrast to the dispute with Algiers, U.S. negotiations with Morocco went well. Moroccan Sultan Sidi Muhammad had seized a U.S. merchant ship in 1784 after the United States had ignored diplomatic overtures. However, Muhammad ultimately followed a policy of peaceful trade, and the United States successfully concluded a treaty with Morocco in 1786. However, Congress was still unable to raise enough funds to satisfy the Dey of Algiers.

In an attempt to address the challenge posed by the Dey of Algiers, Thomas Jefferson, then U.S. Minister to France, attempted to build a coalition of weaker naval powers to defeat Algiers, but was unsuccessful. However, the Kingdom of Portugal was also at war with Algiers, and blocked Algerian ships from sailing past the Straits of Gibraltar. As a result, U.S. merchant ships in the Atlantic Ocean remained safe for a time and temporarily relieved the U.S. Government from the challenges posed by the Barbary States.In 1793 a brief Portuguese-Algerian truce exposed American merchant ships to capture, forcing the United States, which had thus far only managed to conclude a treaty with Morocco, to engage in negotiations with the other Barbary States. In 1795, The U.S. Government dispatched diplomats Joel Barlow, Joseph Donaldson, and Richard O’Brien to North Africa and successfully concluded treaties with the states of Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli. Under the terms of these treaties, the United States agreed to pay tribute to these states. The treaty with Algiers freed 83 American sailors.The adoption of the Constitution in 1789 gave the U.S. Government the power to levy taxes and to raise and maintain armed forces, powers which had been lacking under the Articles of Confederation. In 1794, in response to Algerian seizures of American ships, Congress authorized construction of the first 6 ships of the U.S. Navy. In 1801, the Pasha of Tripoli, Yusuf Qaramanli, citing late payments of tribute, demanded additional tribute and declared war on the United States. The United States successfully defeated Qaramanli’s forces with a combined naval and land assault by the United States Marine Corps. The U.S. treaty with Tripoli concluded in 1805 included a ransom for American prisoners in Tripoli, but no provisions for tribute.In 1812, the new Dey of Algiers, Hajji Ali, rejected the American tribute negotiated in the 1795 treaty as insufficient and declared war on the United States. Algerian corsairs captured an American ship several weeks later. In accordance with an agreement between the Dey and British diplomats, the Algerian declaration was timed to coincide with the start of the War of 1812 between Britain and the United States. The war with Britain prevented the U.S. Government from either confronting Algerian forces or ransoming U.S. captives in Algiers. Once the Treaty of Ghent ended war with Britain, President James Madison requested that Congress declare war on Algiers, with Congress authorizing the use of force on March 3, 1815. The U.S. Navy, greatly increased in size after the War of 1812, was able send an entire squadron, led by Commodore Stephen Decatur, to the Mediterranean.When the U.S. naval expedition arrived in Algiers, a new ruler, Dey Omar, was in power. Omar wished to restore order after several years of political instability and was acutely aware that he could no longer count on British support against the Americans. Decatur had already defeated two Algerian warships and captured hundreds of prisoners of war, and was in a favorable position for negotiation.

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Rina8888 [55]

<u>Answer:</u>

GDP(Gross Domestic Production) is used to detect inflation in the nation.

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  • GDP is a round figure of production of the nation which means taxes, wages, salaries, imported money, foreign exchange currency etc. that all comes under  GDP.
  • Through GDP, the nation concludes its inflation and production rate of the country. GDP also affects the stock market.
  • GDP used to analyse performance of a country in a year. The next year’s budget is based on GDP which helps to bring economic reforms for the next economic year.
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