Answer: p should be 0.50
Explanation:
Generally when the value of p is not given, a probability of 0.50 should be used.
Answer:
Pavlov used proved his theory of classical conditioning by studying salivation in dogs. He observed an unconditioned response, the salivation, that was a consequence of an unconditioned stimulus (the meat). Then, he paired the unconditioned response with a neutral stimulus (the sound of a bell), by giving the dog the meat after ringing the bell. He found that after being conditioned, the dog salivated every time he heard the bell ring, the salivation was now a conditioned response.
Answer: majority coalition system
