The incorporation of valinomycin, a neutral antibiotic, into a polyvinyl chloride membrane allows for the manufacture of an ion-selective electrode that is highly selective for potassium.
<h3>How Valinomycin Ionophores Enter and Transport K+ across Model Lipid Bilayer Membranes?</h3>
- A biomimetic lipid membrane attached to the surface of the gold electrode contained the cyclic peptide valinomycin.
- The ionophore characteristics of the peptide were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the conformation and orientation of the antibiotic valinomycin within the membrane were identified using polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy.
- By forming a complex with potassium ions and an ion pair with a counter anion, valinomycin transports ions across the membrane, and the combination of these two techniques revealed novel information about the ionophore mechanism.
- The ion pair is located inside the hydrophobic portion of the membrane and makes a little angle of around 22° with the surface normal.
To learn more about Valinomycin refer to:
brainly.com/question/13977514
#SPJ4
Cognitive activities- things that make your brain think and process thoughts
snoring, breathing are automatic are not, Talking can be a cognitive activity, but I think the correct answer is C. Forming perceptions.
Answer:
1. Fossil record
2. Comparative anatomy
3. Embryology
4. Biogeography
Explanation:
Evolution is descent with modification. The organic evolution theory states that present complex life forms have evolved from the earlier (simpler) forms of life over time. Some of the most important pieces of evidence in support of the theory of organic evolution are:
1. Fossil record: fossils are dead remains of past living organisms preserved in the rocks of the remote past. These fossils demonstrate the existence of past living organisms that are related to present-day organisms.
2. Comparative anatomy refers to the study of similarities in the anatomy of different species, which provides direct evidence for identifying common ancestry between related species.
3. Embryology: the more recent the ancestor is that two species share, the greatest similarities in embryo structures and the more closely related the species are. In this regard, it is important to highlight that often homologous organs/structures (i.e., organs/structures descended from a common ancestor) can be observed only in embryos.
4. Biogeography refers to the spatial distribution of organisms and species. Species distribution reflects the evolutionary process when it is combined with geological change. For example, taxa that had already appeared before the separation of the continents are often distributed worldwide.
