Answer:
The doctrine of respondeat superior is generally applied to torts and is used by civil courts, but can also include criminal activities. In this case, the main issue is the fine imposed on Oil Dawg, so yes, this doctrine applies.
Respondeat superior basically makes the principal (the employer in this case) legally responsible for unlawful or negligent acts committed by its agents (employees in this case). This doctrine applies as long as the illegal acts were committed within the scope of the normal employment, e.g. crashing a van while making a delivery. In this case, the illegal polluting was carried out while transporting oil to the US.
The only possible defense that Oil Dawg might have is that the people that committed the illegal polluting were independent contractors and they weren't actual employees of the company. But according to the text given, that is not the case.
This doesn't mean that only the employer will be go to trial, the employees that committed the illegal polluting will also go to trial since they are both liable, and maybe face the same or even different charges.
Answer:
Skysong Corporation
Statement of Retained Earnings
Retained earnings balance January 1, 2020 $691,300
Add:
Adjustments to 2019 Income Statement $88,390
Net profits 2020 $1,552,100
Less:
<u>Dividends declared and distributed ($82,000) </u>
Retained earnings balance December 31, 2020 $2,249,790
Since the land purchase was recorded as maintenance expense by error, the 2019 income statement must be adjusted by adding that amount.
Answer:
For the Economist A the spending multiplier is = 8, the tax multiplier = 4, the increase in spending is = $4 billion, the tax cut is = $8 billion.
For the Economist B, the spending multiplier is =4, the tax multiplier = 2, the increase in spending is = $8 billion, the tax cut is = $16 billion.
Explanation:
Solution
Given that:
(1)The Economist A
The Spending multiplier = 8
In closing the output gap of $32 billion, required increase in spending = $32 billion / 8 = $4 billion
Thus,
The tax multiplier = 4
To close output gap of $32 billion, required decrease in tax = $32 billion / 4 = $8 billion
(2)The Economist B
Now,
The spending multiplier = 4
To close output gap of $32 billion, required increase in spending = $32 billion / 4 = $8 billion
So,
Tax multiplier = 2
To close output gap of $32 billion, required decrease in tax = $32 billion / 2 = $16 billion
,Answer: a. 9,450 units
Explanation:
You need to find the weighted average contribution margin for both products.
Product A
Weighted average contribution margin = Contribution margin * Units sold / Total units sold
= 34 * 7,600 / (7,600 + 2,400)
= $25.84
Product B
= 59 * 2,400 / 10,000
= $14.16
Breakeven point in units = Fixed costs/ (Weighted average contribution margin of both A and B)
= 378,000 / (25.84 + 14.16)
= 9,450 units
Answer:
A. The trade-off a firm faces when using retained earnings or borrowed funds is the same.
Explanation:
- A trade-off is based on the situational decisions that usually involve the loss of quality and a property that is set or designed to give a return in the other aspects.
- As one part has to increase and the other has to decrease. The trade-off is commonly expressed as in the terms of opportunity costs which states the loss of the best alternative.
