Question

Complete the sentences about chemical digestion with the appropriate terms. Some of the terms may be used more than once. Carbohydrate digestion begins in the with the enzyme . Protein digestion begins in the with the enzyme . Nucleic acid digestion begins in the with the enzyme . Fat digestion begins in the with the enzyme .

Answer 1

Answer:

The Question is not complete and properly stated, below is the complete and properly stated question;

Complete the sentences about chemical digestion with the appropriate terms. Some of the terms may be used more than once.

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the _______with the enzyme________. Protein digestion begins in the _______ with the enzyme _______.

Nucleic acid digestion begins in the _______with the enzyme _______.

Fat digestion begins in the _______with the enzyme _______.

a. pancreatic nuclease

b. pancreatic lipase

c. mouth

d. pepsin

e. stomach

f. salivary amylase

g. small intestine

The answers are;

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with the enzyme salivary amylase.

Protein digestion begins in the stomach with the enzyme pepsin.

Nucleic acid digestion begins in the small intestine with the enzyme pancreatic nuclease.

Fat digestion begins in the small intestine with the enzyme pancreatic lipase.

Explanation:

In order to explain this, I will take each of the compound one after the other and do a brief explanation of how their digestion occur.

First of all, digestion is the chemical and physical breakdown of food particles into smaller fragments that can be absorbed.

1. Carbohydrate: Carbohydrates are biomolecules consisting of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only. They are one of the main classes of food and are mainly sugars and starch the body breaks down to produce glucose.

Digestion of carbohydrates begin in the mouth, where salivary amylase breakdown starch molecules (a polymer) into the disaccharides (two-sugar compound) maltose. From the mouth, the carbohydrate molecule moves through to the stomach, where the acidic content of the stomach inactivates and denatures salivary amylase, hence stopping its activity. The content from the stomach moves to the duodenum where the pancreatic amylase continues the digestion of the unbroken starch and glycogen into maltose, lactose or sucrose. also disaccharide enzymes also exist in the duodenum, where maltase breaks down maltose into two molecules of glucose, lactase breaks down lactose into a molecule each of glucose and galactose, and finally sucrase breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructose. Finally, glucose is absorbed and used for generating energy.

2. Protein: proteins are polypeptides, and digestion begins in the stomach, where the enzyme pepsin breaks down peptide bonds of the polypeptides into shorter polypeptides of 4 to 9 amino acid lengths. From the stomach, the chyme (stomach content) containing the short polypeptides move to the duodenum, where the pancreatic enzymes; elastase, chymotrypsin and trypsin, further breaks down long polypeptide chains into shorter ones. Also, in the duodenum, a class of enzymes called peptidases (examples, carboxypeptidase, dipeptidase and aminopeptidase etc.), break down the peptides into single amino acid components which is then absorbed.

3. Nucleic acid: Nucleic acids contained in food are in the form of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid (RNA), and digestion produces sugars and nucleic acids as the final products. Digestion begins in the small intestine, where pancreatic and intestinal enzymes Deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases break down DNA and RNA respectively into smaller nucleic acids. Next, the enzyme pancreatic nuclease breaks down the small nucleic acids into nitrogen bases and sugars which are then absorbed.

4. Lipid: digestion of lipids begin in the stomach, with the help of lingual and gastric lipases produced in the stomach. This is only a small protion, as the major digestion of lipids take place in the small intestine, where pancreatic lipase and bile act on the chyme from the stomach to foster digestion of lipids. Bile is produced in the gall bladder found attached to the liver, and bile aids in the emulsification of lipids since lipids are hydrophobic and do not mix well with the chyme from the stomach. This emulsification is similar to the way detergents break down fats, and this ensures that the large aggregates of lipids are broken down into smaller aggregates called micelles with a large surface area, acted upon by the pancreatic lipase to form fatty acid and triglycerides which are absorbed.

Answer 2

Answer:

1. mouth , salivary amylase

2. Stomach , pepsin

3. Small intestine , pancreatic nucleases

4. Small intestine , pancreatic lipase.

Explanation:

1) Carbohydrate digestion begins in the (mouth) with the enzyme (salivary amylase).

2) Protein digestion begins in the (Stomach) with the enzyme (pepsin).

3) Nucleic acid digestion begins in the (Small intestine) with the enzyme (pancreatic nucleases).

4) Fat digestion begins in the (Small intestine) with the enzyme (pancreatic lipase).