Question

Match each term to its description.1.the firm layer between the crust and the asthenospherecrust2.the semi-solid layer between the top layer and the upper mantleinner core3.the earth's outermost layerlower mantle4.the layer surrounding the inner coreasthenosphere5.the layer between the asthenosphere and lower mantleupper mantle6.the hottest part of the mantletop layer7.the metallic layer at the earth's centerouter core

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Lithosphere
2. Asthenosphere
3. Crust
4. Outer core
5. Upper mantle
6. Lower mantle
7. Inner core

Explanation:

1. The lithosphere is a rigid rock layer that is found beneath the crust and above asthenosphere. There are different types of lithosphere present in different tectonic areas. These are the lithospheres associated with ocean and continental crusts. The lithosphere is also the layer of the Earth that sinks into the mantle at crustal subduction zones.
2. The asthenosphere lies directly below the lithosphere and is an upper region of the mantle. This layer is not completely solid, but rather somewhat fluid and ductile. The boundary between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere is, therefore, somewhat diffuse. Despite being described as a non-solid layer, the rate of 'flow' in the asthenosphere is extremely slow as it is still very rigid compared to more molten layers below.
3. The crust is the uppermost part of the non-atmospheric zones of the Earth and interacts directly with the atmosphere. The crust is the coolest and most rigid of the layers that make up the Earth. Of the two kinds of crusts, oceanic is the more common and thinner variety, while continental crust is thicker and covers less surface area than oceanic crust.
4. The outer core is found below the mantle and above the inner core. This layer is liquid and is responsible for the formation of the magnetic dynamo that provides Earth with a magnetic field. Current theories suggest that eddies or whirlpools in this zone generate the electric current. It is through this zone that s-waves cannot travel as they are incapable of moving through liquids.
5. The upper mantle is the part of the subsurface of the Earth that is directly below the crust and above the inner mantle. The outer mantle is further divided to also include the asthenosphere and the bottom part of the lithosphere that is not completely solid. The mantle begins anywhere from 11 to 71 kilometres below the surface of the Earth.
6. The lower mantle is found below the upper mantle and is a very voluminous layer of the Earth. Mantle plumes are thought to exist as areas of superheated rock that rise towards the cooler layers above. The lower mantle is the possible source region for these plumes which in many cases make their way to the surface in the form of volcanic hot spots.
7. The inner core is the center of the Earth and thus the region of the planet that experiences the most extreme pressure and temperature. Studying the composition of the inner core is rather complicated because of it's extreme inaccessibility, but by analyzing seismic waves and magnetic field behavior, it has been hypothesized that the inner core is made at least partly (if not mostly) of iron.