Answer:
a. executive powers
Explanation:
President Lincoln heavily relied on executive powers due to him having to make fast decisions at this point in time . He couldn’t rely on having to wait for the congress to pass some laws.
He was able to proclaim executive orders on the increase of the size of the military forces and also ordered the closure of some port routes in the country.
The Atlantic Ocean. Its the ocean that connects North and South America to Europe. Most early explorers came from Europe and "discovered" the Americas. The slave trade as well as spice trade used the Atlantic ocean because it's the most direct way from most of Europe.