A serf was a person in a condition of servitude, required to render services to a lord, commonly attached to the lord's land and transferred with it from one owner to another. So being in a serfs shoes was nearly impossible to own land. The last option is your right answer
His beliefs helped birth the Reformation—which would give rise to Protestantism as the third major force within Christendom, alongside Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.
