Hello.
A political effect of the enlightenment was some monarchs embraced new ideas from the movement.
Enlightenment principles held that the people should be in control of their own government.
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The best explanation why the area between Spain and Gaul was not part of the Roman empire until that later period was a culmination from both undesireability and difficulty in accessing this region due to its mountaineous nature. So I would wager the answer being both C and D - undesireability and difficulty in access.
I think it’s A I don’t know I’m also learning about this but I’m not sure