England.
Between the two nations, there had been much conflict over this channel, England being the one to hold control of it before hand.
Hope this helps!
The option which explains one way in which the Byzantine Empire continued the cultural traditions of the Romans is the second one - by using Latin as the primary written language, at least until the 7th century when they started using Greek.
A is a weird option - how can adapting Greek ideas be a continuation of Roman traditions? C is insulting. D is incorrect as Byzantine Empire didn't have gladiators.
Answer:
europe fell into a period of disorder and lost contact with Greco- Roman culture.
