Answer:
USSR under the leadership of Josef Stalin was a living hell to peasants and farmers alike. Stalin's regime aimed to completely indoctrinate everything under communism. Farmers were seen as part of the bourgeoisie (as Marx dubbed the middle class, who were destroying society in his view) since they owned land, so they forced them to cede their land to the government and live in community farms. Additionally, biologists like Trofim Lysenko produced theories that seeds can "help" other plant seeds that were struggling to survive, so they should be planted all in the same hole so they can do this. Lysenkoism was the belief that biology was being taught in a capitalistic standard and that since communism was in the state of nature, nature of communistic. Thousands starved to death, but the leaders deeply believed that they were doing it out of spite, and the failing crops were not because of Lysenkoism but because of sabotage from capitalist sympathizers. Thousands more were imprisoned for the crime of starving and were brought to prisons so they can die quietly without international attention. No one was allowed to criticize the government as it was seen as treason. It was an awful period of time.
Belief that people are motivated by their own self interest, or skepticism.
Reliable should be the answer
Tobacco is the answer to this question
The ottoman empire continued to take land or in other words expand due to the organized weak countries they attacked.
