It was founded by Roman Emperor, Constantine when Rome split into 2 separate empires. Constantinople became the Capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. The modern day of location of Constantinople, is Istanbul, Turkey.
The Seven Years War was, in essence, a multi continent war between France and Great Britain.
So, their involvement was total.
The correct answer is c) William Pitt The Elder.
He was Secretary of State during the French and Indian War and also later became Prime Minister of Great Britain later. He had success in the French and Indian War but his success created great debt.
This is a very complex question, but they both collapsed due to:
decentralization and government corruption
plagues/ epidemics
high taxes
and invasions
Some differences are that the Chinese empires saw a revival while Rome didn't.