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blsea [12.9K]
3 years ago
12

Why did the United States establish the Monroe Doctrine? The U.S. was concerned that Europeans would regain colonies in Latin Am

erica and hurt trade. The U.S. wanted to work with European countries to establish colonies in Latin America. The U.S. wanted Colombia to remain in control of what became the country of Panama. The U.S. was concerned that trade between Europe and Latin America would decrease.
History
2 answers:
Ad libitum [116K]3 years ago
7 0
The correct answer is the first statement about the concern that the Europeans would regain colonies in Latin America. The New World was trying to keep control over it's new found freedom and felt that if the European countries were to gain any more control in the vicinity it would challenge their power.
Wittaler [7]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

The United States established the Monroe Doctrine because it was concerned that Europeans would regain colonies in Latin America and hurt trade.

Explanation:

The Monroe Doctrine reaffirmed the position of the United States against European colonialism, inspired by the isolationist policy of George Washington, and that developed the thought of Thomas Jefferson, according to which "America has a Hemisphere for itself", which could mean both the American continent and its own country.

The United States government, then a newly independent country that had achieved independence only 40 years from then, feared that the victorious European powers emerging from the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) would revive their colonial empires in the Americas. As the revolutionary Napoleonic wars (1803-1815) ended, Prussia, Austria and Russia formed the Holy Alliance to defend monarchism. In particular, the Holy Alliance authorized military incursions to reestablish the dominion of the Bourbons over Spain, as well as under their colonies, which were at the time establishing their independence.

At the time, the Monroe Doctrine represented a serious warning not only to the Holy Alliance, but also to Great Britain itself, although its immediate effect, in terms of defending the new American states was purely moral, given that the economic interests and the political and military capacity of the United States at the time did not surpass the Caribbean region. It is very important to note that the United States at this time was still far from being considered even a regional power. In any case, the formulation of the Doctrine helped Great Britain to thwart the European plans of recolonization of America and allowed the United States to continue expanding its borders to the west.

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The Spanish-American War was an 1898 conflict between the United States and Spain that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories in the western Pacific and Latin America.

Causes: Remember the Maine!

The war originated in the Cuban struggle for independence from Spain, which began in February 1895.

Spain’s brutally repressive measures to halt the rebellion were graphically portrayed for the U.S. public by several sensational newspapers engaging in yellow journalism, and American sympathy for the Cuban rebels rose.

Did you know? Yellow journalism was the original fake news. The term was coined in the early 18 century to indicate journalism that relies on eye-catching headlines, exaggeration and sensationalism to increase sales.

The growing popular demand for U.S. intervention became an insistent chorus after the still-unexplained sinking in Havana harbor of the American battleship USS Maine, which had been sent to protect U.S. citizens and property after anti-Spanish rioting in Havana.

War Is Declared

Spain announced an armistice on April 9 and speeded up its new program to grant Cuba limited powers of self-government.

But the U.S. Congress soon afterward issued resolutions that declared Cuba’s right to independence, demanded the withdrawal of Spain’s armed forces from the island, and authorized the use of force by President William McKinley to secure that withdrawal while renouncing any U.S. design for annexing Cuba.

Spain declared war on the United States on April 24, followed by a U.S. declaration of war on the 25th, which was made retroactive to April 21.

Spanish-American War Begins

The ensuing war was pathetically one-sided, since Spain had readied neither its army nor its navy for a distant war with the formidable power of the United States.

In the early morning hours of May 1, 1898, Commodore George Dewey led a U.S. naval squadron into Manila Bay in the Philippines. He destroyed the anchored Spanish fleet in two hours before pausing the Battle of Manila Bay to order his crew a second breakfast. In total, fewer than 10 American seamen were lost, while Spanish losses were estimated at over 370. Manila itself was occupied by U.S. troops by August.

The elusive Spanish Caribbean fleet under Adm. Pascual Cervera was located in Santiago harbor in Cuba by U.S. reconnaissance. An army of regular troops and volunteers under Gen. William Shafter (including then-secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt and his 1st Volunteer Cavalry, the “Rough Riders”) landed on the coast east of Santiago and slowly advanced on the city in an effort to force Cervera’s fleet out of the harbor.

Cervera led his squadron out of Santiago on July 3 and tried to escape westward along the coast. In the ensuing battle all of his ships came under heavy fire from U.S. guns and were beached in a burning or sinking condition.

Santiago surrendered to Shafter on July 17, thus effectively ending the brief but momentous war.

Treaty of Paris

The Treaty of Paris ending the Spanish-American War was signed on December 10, 1898. In it, Spain renounced all claim to Cuba, ceded Guam and Puerto Rico to the United States and transferred sovereignty over the Philippines to the United States for $20 million.

Philippine insurgents who had fought against Spanish rule soon turned their guns against their new occupiers. The Philippine-American War began in February of 1899 and lasted until 1902. Ten times more U.S. troops died suppressing revolts in the Philippines than in defeating Spain.

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The Spanish-American War was an important turning point in the history of both antagonists. Spain’s defeat decisively turned the nation’s attention away from its overseas colonial adventures and inward upon its domestic needs, a process that led to both a cultural and a literary renaissance and two decades of much-needed economic development in Spain.

The victorious United States, on the other hand, emerged from the war a world power with far-flung overseas possessions and a new stake in international politics that would soon lead it to play a determining role in the affairs of Europe and the rest of the globe.

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