I think that the correct answer to this question is D .
Answer:
Bridgham et al. (2006) showed that the interaction between a steroid hormone (aldosterone-M) and its receptor (mineralocorticoid) evolved by Darwinian gradualism. In this work, the authors demonstrated a primitive affinity between the hormone and its receptor that was initially present in chemically similar but more ancient ligands. This result has implications in understanding the association between gene duplication and the evolution of hormone signaling pathways. For example, in invertebrates, this work reinforces the importance of gene duplication in the existing interaction between paralogous glucocorticoid receptors and their receptor mineralocorticoid genes that were derived from duplication (Thornton 2001).
The publications above cited are the following:
J.T. Bridgham, S.M. Carroll, and J.W. Thornton (2006). Evolution of hormone-receptor complexity by molecular exploitation. Science, 312(5770), 97-101.
JW Thornton. Evolution of vertebrate steroid receptors from an ancestral estrogen receptor by ligand exploitation and serial genome expansions, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (PNAS), 2001, vol. 98 10 (pg. 5671-5676).
The sequence of Nucleotides in a DNA molecule determine the protein that will be produced. Nucleotides are the basic structural unit of DNA.
A. Potential energy to Kinetic energy.
It becomes Kinetic energy by rolling down the hill thanks to gravity and friction.
Latitude is the measurement of the distance of a location on the Earth from the equator. The further away from the equator that you are the less sunlight that this location receives. ... At the Equator, the Sun's rays strike the Earth at a right angle, which makes the heat more intense and concentrated over a small area.
