What evidence did Kendal find that supported his law of independent assortment
1 answer:
The results of the di-hybrid cross of pea plants with round and yellow seeds was the evidence that Mendel fond that supported his law of independent assortment.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Law of independent assortment states that the alleles of two different genes are inherited independent of each other. The law of independent assortment was formulated by Gregor Mendel . Cross of a pea plant with yellow and round seeds with a pea plant having green and wrinkled seeds gave evidence of the law of independent assortment.
When it comes to seed color yellow color is dominant to green. When it comes to seed shape round seed is dominant to wrinkled seed. Let the letter R represent round seed and R represent wrinkled seed. The letter Y represent yellow seed and letter y represent green seed.
The genotype of pea plant with round and yellow seed is RRYY and the genotype of round and wrinkled is rryy. The cross between round yellow and wrinkled green can be represented as follows
Gametes RY ry
F1 generation RrYy RrYy RrYy RrYy
All the plants of the F1 generation have round and yellow seeds.
The F1 generation plants are then bred together
RRYY RrYY RRYy RrYy RrYY rrYY RrYy rrYy RRYy RrYy RRyy Rryy RYy rrYy Rryy rryy r
Are the progenies with phenotypes like round yellow, round green, wrinkled yellow and wrinkled green.
The combination of the characters of roundness and color is observed in the F2 generation proves that the characters of round and yellow as well as wrinkled and green doesn’t appear strictly in combination. This means that they are independently assorted which proves the law of independent assortment.
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From a Punnett square you can get the genotypic and phenotypic proportions of the progeny produced from a cross. Cross: PpRr x PpRr. F1: PPRR, PPRr, PPRr, PPrr, PpRr, Pprr, ppRR, ppRr, pprr.
<h3>What is a Punnett square?</h3>The Punnett square is a graphic representation that shows the different types of gamete combinations according to the alleles involved in a cross.
Punnett square shows the probabilities of getting offspring with different genotypes and their consequent phenotypes.
In the exposed example, we know that two genes are involved in the cross.
As we can see, there are dominant and recessive alleles for both genes.
Since each genotype in the square results from the combination of parental gametes, we can figure out which are the parental genotypes.
For instance, let us consider the provided genotypes
- PPRr.
We can assume one of the parents provided a P and a R dominant alleles, while the other parent provided another P allele but a r recessive allele.
PR + Pr ⇒ PPRr
- ppRr.
One of the parents provided a p recessive allele and a R dominant allele, The other parent provided another p allele and a r recessive allele.
pR + pr ⇒ ppRr
- pprr.
Both parents provided p and r recessive alleles.
pr + pr ⇒ pprr
From this information, we can assume parents are heterozygous for both genes.
Cross:
Parentals) PpRr x PpRr
Gametes) PR, Pr, pR, pr PR, Pr, pR, pr
Punnett square) PR Pr pR pr
PR PPRR PPRr PpRR PpRr
Pr PPRr PPrr PpRr Pprr
pR PpRR PpRr ppRR ppRr
pr PpRr Pprr ppRr pprr
F1) 1/16 individuals are expected to be PPRR
2/16 individuals are epected to be PPRr
1/16 individuals are expected to be PPrr
2/16 individuals are expected to be PpRR
4/16 individuals are expected to be PpRr
2/16 individuals are expected to be Pprr
1/16 individuals are expected to be ppRR
2/16 individuals are expected to be ppRr
1/16 individuals are expected to be pprr
For a better understanding, you will find the Punnett square in the attached files representing the parental gametes with different colors, and the resulting genotypes with a combination of these colors.
In this way, you will notice which gamete comes from which parent.
You can learn more about Punnett squares at
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