Explanation:
the top predator is removed from the delicate balance of any particular ecosystem, there may be disastrous effects for the other plants and animals that inhabit the environment.
When a top predator is removed from an ecosystem, a series knock-on effects are felt throughout all the levels in a food web, as each level is regulated by the one above it. This is known as a trophic cascade. The results of these trophic cascades can lead to an ecosystem being completely transformed. The impacts trickle down through each level, upsetting the ecological balance by altering numbers of different animal species, until the effects are finally felt by the vegetation
When a top predator is no longer present, populations of their herbivorous prey begin to boom. Without a top predator to regulate their numbers, these animals put a great deal of pressure on the existing vegetation that they require for food and can destroy large amounts of plant life, such as grasses and trees. This then causes further problems, such as soil erosion and loss of animal habitat. Eventually, humans are also impacted due to the resulting lack of soil fertility and clean water that depend on these plants.
Another problem involving the loss of vegetation is the competition that is created between herbivorous species. Competition between species for the remaining plant life is high and weaker species lose out to stronger ones, leading to the potential loss of weaker animals, as well as plant species. Increased competition, therefore, leads to a lack of biodiversity. In contrast, top predators often have varied diets, which means they can pursue a new food source if one is running low, preventing the first source from being eradicated completely. This is one of the ways that top predators are able to maintain biodiversity and the balance of an ecosystem.
The presence of a top predator also helps to maintain balance in an ecosystem by influencing the behaviour and movements of its prey through the fear of being caught. Animals that are prey to a top predator will move around in order to avoid it. This prevents plants and animals in any particular area of an ecosystem from being over-consumed, preserving food sources and habitats. In the absence of top predators, this regulation disappears, allowing certain areas of vegetation to be destroyed completely.
The effect is called BIPHASIC RESPONSE.
When an individual start drinking alcohol and the BAC level is below 0.06 the person will be stimulated and relatively happy, but when the BAC rises above this level, the person will feel down and depressed. The response is called biphasic because the two events[that is, feeling high and feeling down] occur within a time frame period.
Explanation:
In simple diffusion, small molecules without charges such as oxygen and carbon dioxide flow through a plasma membrane without assistance and without expending energy. Other substances such as proteins, glucose and charged particles called ions cannot pass through the selectively permeable membrane
You move the decimal to the right →
<span>Cell membranes protect the cells that is why they are called the gatekeepers of the cell. A cell membrane can be internal or external like that of the case of eukaryotic cells with internal cell membrane. It is mostly made up of glycerophospholipids. This compound like other lipids is also soluble in water however, their unique geometry allows them to aggregate into bilayers without too much energy input. Cholesterol can also be found in the cell membranes however, it is not as abundant as the glycerophospholipids.</span>
