The rungs are composed of hydrogen bonded paired Nitrogenous Bases. These pairings are Adenine to Thymine and Guanine to Cytosine.
Answer:
Superantigens produce intense immune responses by stimulating lymphocytes to produce cytokines.
Explanation:
Superantigens are a group of bifunctional proteins that interact with at least two receptors expressed on different cells. The superantigen´s receptors in lymphocyte T is located in the same place where the lymphocyte interacts with a conventional antigen, RCT. The capability of these superantigens to join their receptors in many T cells, shoots a series of processes that conduce to cellular activation, differentiation, proliferation, and great production and release of cytokine.
Superantigens constitute the most potent natural immunostimulators known.
Answer:
I believe the answer is Fungi
Explanation:
B. population density
Explanation: took Biology
Answer:
They belong to the same species
Explanation:
A karyotype is an image of the chromosomes of a cell usually taken by an atomic microscope in a cell arrested in the prophase stage of mitosis –because the chromatin is well condensed.
It is difficult to discern the difference between individuals of the same species using karyotype unless in exceptions of chromosomal disorders like Klinefelter's syndrome and Turners syndrome, and etcetera.
However different species will most likely differ in the number of chromosomes, the chromosomal sizes and their arms lengths.
