The correct answer is mRNA.
mRNA or messenger RNA is synthesized during the process of transcription, from DNA molecule which is used as a template. mRNA contains information about protein synthesis (translation) in the form of nucleotide triplets or codons.
In the example above: reference book is DNA molecule (template for copies), copies are mRNA, wood is amino acids (building blocks) and doghouse is protein.
With regards to gender differences in coping strategies, male is to female as fight or flight is to TEND AND BEFRIEND. Men and women have different strategies in coping with stress; men usually exhibit the fight or flight tendency while women exhibit the tend and befriend tendency.
Answer:
TNF-alpha is expressed as a homotrimer that exerts its activities through binding to two types of receptors: TNFR1 and TNFR2, which are transmembrane glycoproteins characterized by having an extracellular domain with 4 cysteine-rich domains (CRD 1-4) , each with 3 cysteinecysteine disulfide bonds.
Explanation:
TNF-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor), which has the characteristic of being a paracrine signaling ligand, is a pleiotropic cytokine that functions as a mediator of immune regulation, the inflammatory response and apoptosis in some cell types. Receptors in this family are involved, with some exceptions, in juxtacrine signaling; that is, both the ligand and the receptor are membrane proteins with extracellular domains through which signaling is established. The cellular responses promoted by TNF are initiated by its interaction with two different types of cell receptors, the type I receptor (55 kDa) and the type II receptor (75 kDa). Both types of receptors are part of the TNF receptor family, members of which include Fas antigen (apoptosis inducer, also called Apo-1 or CD95), CD27 (T-cell activation antigen), CD30 (lymphoma marker Hodgkin) and CD40 (B-cell antigen), which share the characteristic of cysteine-rich sequences in their extracellular domains. This family of cytokines generate cellular responses that include differentiation, proliferation, activation of NFκB and cell death, promoting the aggregation of receptor monomers, that is, they have a transmembrane domain that participates in the solubilization of the receptor and a domain of intracellular death that is involved in signal transduction. The binding of TNF to TNF-R1 induces a signaling cascade through its intracellular death domain, which subsequently leads to the activation of complex I (or inflammatory) of NFkB and proceeds to the transcription of anti-apoptotic genes, pro- inflammatory diseases and apoptosis complex II (caspases).
Endocytosis enables extensive particles to enter the cell, and exocytosis ousts vast atoms from the cell. Along these lines, the cell can acquire things it needs and disposes of things it doesn't. Exocytosis is the turn around process, where a cell ousts substantial particles, generally squander from cell forms.
Answer: "sphygmomanometer" .
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