Hello there! The cotton gin would be your answer :)
During the pre-civil war era, cotton was extremely hard for slaves to do by hand, and slowed down production of cotton. This machine, created by Eli Whitney and helped speed the process of collecting cotton which dramatically increased the profit of Southern plantations.
I hope this helped! If you have any more questions just comment or message me :) I can give a more in-depth lesson about the effects of the cotton gin if you'd wish. Good luck with school!
Here's a picture showing how the cotton gin works (found on slideshare.net)
These populations continued to grow at a rapid rate throughout the 18th century made up as much as 80% of the population in Virginia in the 17th century.
2. Retained its Africanness in every aspect except religion.
Explanation:
The evolution of African American culture until a point where it became different from original African cultural expressions is a long process that also comprises the 19th century.