The newspaper mail provided the news to the colonist.
Although the the when they formed is unknown coal formed really just like anyplace else, it started millions of years ago. It really depends on what time era were talking about. But they were probably more plains and woods then anything.
The system of escape routes and hiding places for runaway slaves was known as Underground Railroads.
In the US, slavery led to the creation of such escape routes and safe houses in order to help slaves escape and lead a normal life after that. They would either run to Canada or free states within America which abolished slavery. One of the most famous leaders was Harriet Tubman.
President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. With it, he freed all slaves in Confederate or contested areas of the South.
John Adams
John Adams, a remarkable political philosopher, served as the second President of the United States.