Answer:
the diagram explains the process of DNA digestion and DNA ligation, which is usually used in molecular cloning techniques
Explanation:
Molecular cloning can be defined as the process used to synthesize multiple copies of a particular DNA fragment. Molecular cloning requires the insertion of a foreign DNA fragment into an appropriate vector (e.g., a plasmid) through the action of specific enzymes that serve to cut and ligate DNA fragments. DNA digestion and DNA ligation use specific restriction enzymes and DNA ligases, respectively, in order to insert the foreign DNA fragment. For this purpose, restriction enzymes that generate single-stranded overhangs are preferred to create sticky ends which bind by complementary base pairing. Subsequently, a DNA ligase enzyme joins the DNA fragments together in order to create recombinant DNA molecules. DNA Ligation is often achieved by using a specific T4 DNA ligase, while there are many restriction enzymes that generate sticky-ends (e.g., BamHI, EcoRI, BaI228I, etc).
Answer:
Cell division is the mechanism by which DNA is passed from one generation of cells to the next and ultimately, from parent organisms to their offspring. During meiosis, the cells needed for sexual reproduction divide to produce new cells called gametes.
Answer:
a. disruption of mitotic spindle formation.
Explanation:
Vinblastine is a chemotherapeutic drug which is used to restrict cancer cell proliferation. During metaphase, it binds to microtubular proteins which play a very important role in mitotic spindle formation. If spindles will not form then during anaphase, the sister chromatids will not separate and mitosis will not take place. This is how hyper-proliferative cancerous cells are controlled from dividing and cancer is treated using this drug.
