The first one, a brother & sister that immigrated to the Us from Ireland as children. The reason why is because they experienced the struggles as an immigrant first hand instead of using someone else's story, giving it more credibility.
I believe this is an example of either situational or dramatic irony,
The answer to you question could be while staring at the sun, it hurts my eyes or it could when i stare at the sun, it hurts my eye.