Answer:
b) negative reinforcement
Explanation:
Negative reinforcement has to do with rewarding or responding to a certain stimulus or behaviour by respond in a negative or averse manner.
Mary tries to change Pearl's behaviour by refusing to making a comment or responding to Pearl speaking her native language when she's capable of expressing herself in English. They do this so she would learn to speak English more and get used to it.
Pearl's family are using negative reinforcement to try and get her to speak English more often. If she uses her native language, she is ignored and not replied to unless she repeats her words in English. Ignoring her is the averse method her family is using to get her to respond to the stimulus of speaking English.
Answer:
a. Went on crusades , built churches , and collected holy relics
Japan invested its newfound financial growth into institution such as education and not military resulting in it taking a lead in technology 20 years later.