Most genes contain the information needed to make functional molecules called proteins. (A few genes produce other molecules that help the cell assemble proteins.) The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell. It consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression.
During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene's DNA is transferred to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus. Both RNA and DNA are made up of a chain of nucleotide bases, but they have slightly different chemical properties. The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
Translation, the second step in getting from a gene to a protein, takes place in the cytoplasm. The mRNA interacts with a specialized complex called a ribosome, which "reads" the sequence of mRNA bases. Each sequence of three bases, called a codon, usually codes for one particular amino acid. (Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.) A type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) assembles the protein, one amino acid at a time. Protein assembly continues until the ribosome encounters a “stop” codon (a sequence of three bases that does not code for an amino acid).
The flow of information from DNA to RNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles of molecular biology. It is so important that it is sometimes called the “central dogma.”
Through the processes of transcription and translation, information from genes is used to make proteins.
Basically 1 out of 52 is a percentage. So, 1 is equivalent to 5.2% out 52, and if you choose one number your likely hood of it being right is 5.2%
At the molecular level, the heat comes from the agitation of the molecules and therefore their atoms. This increase in agitation causes the molecules to be less condensed between them and will separate after breaks in the intermlecular bonds. This distends the material, as we see when we heat a metal, or a transformation of the phase of the material, such as melting ice or boiling water.
If the mass<span> of the object somehow becomes twice as much, its </span>acceleration<span> ... 22) A 10-N falling object encounters 4 N of air resistance. .... 39) A </span>force<span> of 1 N accelerates a </span>mass<span> of 1 </span>kg<span> at the rate of 1 </span>m/s2<span>. ... E) more than </span>1000 N<span>. ..... 88) A ball thrown straight upward takes 10 seconds to </span>go<span> up and return to the ground.</span>
