Answer:The third option is the correct answer!
Explanation:
Answer:
Cellular respiration that proceeds in the absence of oxygen is anaerobic respiration. Cellular respiration that proceeds in the presence of oxygen is aerobic respiration.
The relative time of divergence from a common ancestor can be estimated by comparing the nucleotide/protein sequence.
<h3>What is sequence homo-logy?</h3>
In molecular biology, sequence homo-logy means the degree of similarity between sequences due to a common ancestor.
A sequence is a given fragment of a single DNA strand where nucleotides are arranged in a specific linear order.
Divergence or separation between lineages is directly proportional to the level of sequence homo-logy.
In conclusion, the relative time of divergence from a common ancestor can be estimated by comparing the nucleotide/protein sequence.
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Now it is clear that genes are what carry our traits through generations and that genes are made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). But genes themselves don't do the actual work. Rather, they serve as instruction books for making functional molecules such as ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins, which perform the chemical reactions in our bodies.Proteins do many other things, too. They provide the body's main building materials, forming the cell's architecture and structural components. But one thing proteins can't do is make copies of themselves. When a cell needs more proteins, it uses the manufacturing instructions coded in DNA.The DNA code of a gene—the sequence of its individual DNA building blocks, labeled A (adenine), T (thymine), C (cytosine) and G (guanine) and collectively called nucleotides— spells out the exact order of a protein's building blocks, amino acids.
Occasionally, there is a kind of typographical error in a gene's DNA sequence. This mistake— which can be a change, gap or duplication—is called a mutation.
Genetic diversity
Explanation:
Sexual reproductions, mutation, and crossing-over generates a wide range of genetic diversity within a population.
- Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction in which gametes fuses to produce a fertile and viable offspring.
- Mutation is the process of altering genetic sequences in population to production new breeds called mutants.
- Crossing-over is the exchange of chromosomes between two homologous pairs.
All these processes ensures that a pool of diverse gene exists within a population in order give competitive and adaptability advantage to organisms.
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