Genetics was the key information that was not known during Darwin’s time.
The diploid phase of the life cycle begins with the formation of the zygote.
Meiosis is referred to the type of cell division which occurs in the production
of male and female sex cells. This also occurs during sexual reproduction.
Parent cells provide male and sex cells such as sperm and egg which
contains DNA. They then fuse together to form a zygote which is the diploid
phase as a result of the fusion of two haploid cells. The zygote then
continues to undergo some meiotic processes which reduces it to back to a
haploid cell and consequent growth to form a fetus.
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So we know that to transport materials in or out of the cell, we need to have access to both the inside and outside of the cell. This would require that the protein be a transmembrane protein that reaches both the inside and the outside of the cell.
So in this case, let's look at pore proteins. These are proteins that cross a membrane and act as a pore for the materials that need to cross the membrane.
One example of a pore protein is an aquaporin. These proteins aid in the transport of water into or out of a cell.
Therefore, the answer to your question is: A) Pore proteins.
Biodiversity is essential to an ecosystem's resistance against viruses and famine. In history, there has been many cases in which a lack of biodiversity has allowed a virus or disease to endemically wipe out an entire species of plant. This will subsequently affect all consumers of each trophic level. Ex: A disease that attacks the DNA of only one certain species of plant would cause decreases in the population of the organisms that rely on eating that plant, the organisms that rely on eating those organisms, and so on. This is caused by a decrease in food source, thus not being able to sustain the ecosystem's demand, thus naturally killing off any organisms that would not be able to find a sufficient food source.
Answer:
Underground mining has lower rates of fatal and nonfatal injuries than surface mining.