* More than 40 proteins and glycoproteins involved in the complement system are synthesized by the liver, macrophages, epithelial cells, they are present in the blood in plasmatic form, membrane, some have an enzymatic activity, regulator or membrane receptorThese are elements of the humoral innate immune response, they fight infections, purify immune complexes and apoptotic bodies.
<span>There are indeed three ways to activate the complement:</span>
Classical pathway: Activated by Immunoglobulins in immune complexes, aggregated Immunoglobulins, DNA, CRP, apoptotic bodies .......it involves nine fractions, starting with C1, then C4, C2, C3, to form a classical C5 convertase, then, activation of C5, C6, C7, C8, C9.
Alternative pathway: activated by polysaccharides (bacterial endotoxin), vascular wall poor in sialic acid, aggregated IgE ...C3b like is the first component in the alternate channel cascade, it will create an amplification loop, and form an alternative C5 convertase.
Lecithin pathway: Activated by mannose, fucose (carbohydrate of microorganisms)The first component is the complex MBL / MASP1 / MASP2: "mannose-binding protein": works according to the same principle as the complex C1 of the classical way (MASP2 cleaves the C4 and the rest of the cascade is equivalent to that of the classical way).
the three ways have the same outcome: A C5 convertase (formed by one of the pathways) cleaves C5 into C5a and C5b: C5b is deposited far from other fractions on the antigenic surface. The fixation of C5b in the cell is followed by that of C6, C7, C8, and C9 (9 molecules of C9): formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) ==> Death of the cell by osmotic shock
Answer:
Greenhouse gases absorb radiation from the sun and re-radiate it back toward the <u>atmosphere,</u> which helps to maintain a normal range of <u>temperature</u> on Earth.
Greenhouse are glass house which are used to grow crops in regions exhibiting extreme cold temperatures and snow fall. The soil in these regions are frozen therefore, are not suitable for plant growth. These glass houses trap the sunlight which is used by the plants for photosynthesis and growth. Some gases like methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur and nitrogen dioxide are released into the atmosphere. These gases maintains the range of temperature of atmosphere.
Answer:
Volume of rectangular prism = 81 feet³
Explanation:
Volume of rectangular prism is same as volume of cuboid
Length = 9 ft
Width = 4 ft
Height = 2 
ft = 
ft
Volume of rectangular prism = Length × Width × Height
= 9 × 4 ×
= 36 ×
= 
= 81 feet³
Answer;
-Sympathetic nervous system
After cheering wildly at an exciting football game your body may begin to relax on the way home. This relaxation reflects activity of the sympathetic nervous system.
Explanation;
The sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system, which also includes the parasympathetic nervous system.
The sympathetic nervous system activates what is often termed the fight or flight response. Like other parts of the nervous system, the sympathetic nervous system operates through a series of interconnected neurons. Sympathetic neurons are frequently considered part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), although there are many that lie within the central nervous system
