1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
PSYCHO15rus [73]
3 years ago
8

How would the world be different if the Columbian Exchange never happened?

History
2 answers:
miss Akunina [59]3 years ago
5 0

When Europeans first touched the shores of the Americas, Old World crops such as wheat, barley, rice, and turnips had not traveled west across the Atlantic, and New World crops such as maize, white potatoes, sweet potatoes, and manioc had not traveled east to Europe. In the Americas, there were no horses, cattle, sheep, or goats, all animals of Old World origin. Except for the llama, alpaca, dog, a few fowl, and guinea pig, the New World had no equivalents to the domesticated animals associated with the Old World, nor did it have the pathogens associated with the Old World’s dense populations of humans and such associated creatures as chickens, cattle, black rats, and Aedes egypti mosquitoes. Among these germs were those that carried smallpox, measles, chickenpox, influenza, malaria, and yellow fever.

The Columbian exchange of crops affected both the Old World and the New. Amerindian crops that have crossed oceans—for example, maize to China and the white potato to Ireland—have been stimulants to population growth in the Old World. The latter’s crops and livestock have had much the same effect in the Americas—for example, wheat in Kansas and the Pampa, and beef cattle in Texas and Brazil. The full story of the exchange is many volumes long, so for the sake of brevity and clarity let us focus on a specific region, the eastern third of the United States of America.

As might be expected, the Europeans who settled on the east coast of the United States cultivated crops like wheat and apples, which they had brought with them. European weeds, which the colonists did not cultivate and, in fact, preferred to uproot, also fared well in the New World. John Josselyn, an Englishman and amateur naturalist who visited New England twice in the seventeenth century, left us a list, “Of Such Plants as Have Sprung Up since the English Planted and Kept Cattle in New England,” which included couch grass, dandelion, shepherd’s purse, groundsel, sow thistle, and chickweeds. One of these, a plantain (Plantago major), was named “Englishman’s Foot” by the Amerindians of New England and Virginia who believed that it would grow only where the English “have trodden, and was never known before the English came into this country.” Thus, as they intentionally sowed Old World crop seeds, the European settlers were unintentionally contaminating American fields with weed seed. More importantly, they were stripping and burning forests, exposing the native minor flora to direct sunlight and to the hooves and teeth of Old World livestock. The native flora could not tolerate the stress. The imported weeds could, because they had lived with large numbers of grazing animals for thousands of years.

Cattle and horses were brought ashore in the early 1600s and found hospitable climate and terrain in North America. Horses arrived in Virginia as early as 1620 and in Massachusetts in 1629. Many wandered free with little more evidence of their connection to humanity than collars with a hook at the bottom to catch on fences as they tried to leap over them to get at crops. Fences were not for keeping livestock in, but for keeping livestock out.


Nataly_w [17]3 years ago
3 0
<span>No bananas in the Caribbean
No Texas longhorn cattle
There would have been no swiss chocolate
</span><span>American lawns would have been dandelion-free</span><span>Italian foods had no tomato sauce
Native's never rode horses
There is no columbian coffee
There is no latin american sugar plantations and 
No oranges in Florida 
</span>
You might be interested in
Who was the first president
serg [7]
George Washington ........ he was the first president

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What geographic feature do the civilizations of the Fertile Crescent, Egypt, and India have in common?
Tasya [4]

Answer: this area was the site of the development of early centers of civilization

Explanation:

5 0
3 years ago
Extra POINTS! PLEASE HELP ASAP, 59 minutes left!
Helen [10]

Answer:

Answer:

Explanation:

1. Computers have created many new areas of study and professions that did not exist in the past, in particular those that fall under the umbrella of computer science. Nowadays, people in university can major in subjects such as software engineering, computer programming and information technology, all because of computers.

2. Computers have transformed our financial system. Tracking money has become a lot easier, and this has lead to an increase in the use of credit cards, online transfers, etc. and a decrease in the use of coins and banknotes.

3. Computers have also transformed communication and the exchange of information, mainly through the introduction of the Internet. Thanks to the internet, information travels almost instantaneously anywhere in the world, creating a degree of interconnection that had never been seen before.

5 0
3 years ago
Use the drop-down menu to complete the sentence.
jekas [21]

This question seems to be incomplete. However, there´s enough information to find the right answer.  

I understand that this flag has serious important meanings . . . But that does not mean that . . . people may not under the First Amendment show their feelings by what Texas calls desecration of a venerated object. I think it's a most important case. I sense that it goes to the heart of the First Amendment, to hear things or to see things that we hate test the First Amendment more than seeing or hearing things that we like. It wasn't designed for things we like. They never needed a First Amendment.

—William M. Kunstler,  Attorney for Gregory Lee Johnson,  Texas v. Johnson

Use the drop-down menu to complete the sentence.

In this excerpt, attorney William Kunstler is arguing against his client's conviction.

The main idea of this excerpt is that the First Amendment is essential because it

Answer: allows for symbolic speech

Explanation:

After Gregory Lee Johnson, William Kunstler´s client, was tried and convicted for having burned an American flag to protest against Reagan´s government, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals reversed the conviction and the case was sent to the Supreme Court. The Texas v. Johnson court case brought up the question of whether or not the desecration of an American flag is a form of speech protected under the First Amendment. The court ruled that Johnson burning the flag was a form of expression with a distinctively political nature and was protected by the First Amendment.

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
A parking brake system
likoan [24]
C!!!!!!!!!!!! BOTH A AND B
4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • Why did many united states farmers fail to benefit from the economic prosperity of the 1920s?
    13·1 answer
  • What was the purpose of the Warsaw Pact?
    7·2 answers
  • explain the new Bessemer and open-hearth technologies developed for the large-scale production of durable steel. What impact did
    10·1 answer
  • In what way did the American Revolution affect Native Americans
    15·2 answers
  • Who is the president of France
    7·2 answers
  • What is the official language(s) of the United States?
    14·2 answers
  • How did we take a picture of the very first camera invented??
    9·2 answers
  • 5 Traits of a Civilization. Which trait of civilization is least important? Why?
    6·1 answer
  • In which part of Europe would the Renaissance initially gain strength and eventually start to spread
    7·1 answer
  • Question 2 of 35
    8·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!