Answer:
Ottoman sultans governed over Turkey for about 7 centuries. After World War I, a season of disruption within Turkey came to an end when a popular, charismatic general named Mustafa Kemal took control. Kemal which translates “the perfect one." He earned his nickname due to that fact that he was able to memorize his lessons faster than any of his colleagues.
Kemal was of the motion that Turkey needed to become a modern day nation. He was of the opinion that if the Turkish people continued to with their traditions, they would suffer an attack by another western power. The sultan Kemal often traveled around the countryside to charge the people “Let science and new ideas come in freely," he usually said. “If you don’t, they will devour you.”
The ideas he proposed for modernization are:
> In every modern nation, men and women must be treated equal. He decreed that girls be allowed to attend schools. He also bestowed on women the right to vote and take jobs in business and government.
> Kemal laid aside religious law and established a western type justice system for the nation. Turkey had been ruled by Shariah law before Kemal set up a legal structure that was close to that operated by European nations.
> Kemal also introduced a western alphabet system and decreed that all newspapers, books, and street signs created with the new script.
Biotic factors are organisms that interact with non-living & living parts of an ecosystem.
Egs. badgers, worms, fungi, bacteria, insects.
<span>The most volcanically active belt on Earth
is known as the Ring of Fire, a region of subduction zone
volcanism surrounding the Pacific Ocean. Subduction zone volcanism
occurs where two plates are converging on one another. One plate
containing oceanic lithosphere descends beneath the adjacent plate,
thus consuming the oceanic lithosphere into the earth's mantle.
This on-going process is called subduction. As the
descending plate bends downward at the surface, it creates a large
linear depression called an oceanic trench. These
trenches are the deepest topographic features on the earth's surface.
</span>
<span>The crustal portion of the subducting
slab contains a significant amount of surface water, as well as
water contained in hydrated minerals within the seafloor basalt.
As the subducting slab descends to greater and greater depths,
it progressively encounters greater temperatures and greater pressures
which cause the slab to release water into the mantle wedge overlying
the descending plate. Water has the effect of lowering the melting
temperature of the mantle, thus causing it to melt. The magma
produced by this mechanism varies from basalt to andesite in composition.
It rises upward to produce a linear belt of volcanoes parallel
to the oceanic trench, as exemplified in the above image of the
Aleutian Island chain. The chain of volcanoes is called an island
arc. If the oceanic lithosphere subducts beneath an adjacent
plate of continental lithosphere, then a similar belt of volcanoes
will be generated on continental crust. </span>
The Contiguous United States does not include Alaska, Hawaii, or any other territories under the control of the United States. Alaska is unique among the US states as it is part of the North American continent, meaning it is attached via Canada, and so is part of the "Continental United States".
