The right option is; a. It is rich in minerals from volcanic deposits.
Volcanic soil (andisol) is a light and fluffy soil that is formed from volcanic ash and cinder deposits. Volcanic soil is very fertile because it is highly composed of non-crystalline minerals, such as allophane and imogolite from volcanic deposits. These minerals create strong bonds with organic matter which leads to the accumulation of organic matter in the soil. Volcanic soil has high water retention capability and it supports the growth of crops such as rice, maize and fruits.
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Ileostomy is a procedure where the end of the small intestine, called the ileum, is brought out of an opening in the belly through surgery. The opening is called a stoma, and its shiny, bright red in color. It is often done after the large intestine has been removed due to cancer or serious physical injuries. Having a stoma, and the need of emptying it several times a day, is disfiguring so the patient often suffer from poor self image. The patient in the case, may be concerned of being unable to continue romantic relationships due to having a stoma. As a nurse, make sure to first make patient understand that ileostomy surgery does not involve the reproductive organs or the gonads. Then, acknowledge that while having a stoma is disfiguring, many organizations are helping increase awareness and acceptance of those who have the condition. Refer the patient to such local stoma advocacy organizations. 
        
             
        
        
        
The answer to your question is D. Heat Transfer