• Homologous structures: Both Ostriches have wings similar in form to those of their ancestors, but that do not allow the birds to fly.
Homologous structures are those that have structural similarities but are different in function. For example, if we look at the anatomical structure of a bird’s wing, it is very similar in structure with a human arm. However, over the course of time they have evolved to perform different functions.
• Vestigial structures: The inner ear bones of mammals have evolved from bones that form the jaws of reptiles.
Vestigiality refers to the process in which some structure lose their function over the course of evolution in some specie but they are functionally normal in other species. Such a structure is the inner ear bones of mammals which donot perform an important function in mammals but do perform in reptiles.
• DNA sequence data: Both Genes involved in RNA replication are conserved among bacteria and animals, suggesting a common evolutionary origin.
The sequencing of genetic data is an excellent method of finding the evolutionary histories and relatedness of different organisms. This field of sciences is called phylogenetics and the mentioned example is the result of phylogenetics.
• Analogous structures: The jointed legs of insects and vertebrates arose independently, indicating a different evolutionary origin.
Analogous structures are those that have similar function but they look very different in structure or anatomy. This is because they have been evolved from different ancestors and perform different functions. One example of these structures is mentioned, The jointed legs of insects and vertebrates that look different bur perform same function.
Answer:
The inheritance pattern is CODOMINANCE
Explanation:
Codominance is a type of non-mendelian inheritance i.e. does not follow Mendel's principles of inheritance, in which two alleles of a gene are both dominant, hence, they are both simultaneously expressed in that gene.
Examples or cases of codominance are the AB blood type in humans where alleles A and B are both expressed in the gene. Also, red and white striped flowers in certain plants is an example of codominance as red and white alleles are both expressed.
Answer:
C. Faults are younger than the youngest layer they cut through.
Explanation:
<em> A. Intrusive rock is older than the surrounding rock layers. </em>WRONG. The intrusive rocks are those that solidify underground and always form after the ones around them. So they are younger than the surrounding rocks.
<em>B. A fold is older than the oldest rock layer it contains. </em>WRONG. First, layers are set, and then, it occurs the folding. The folding is always younger than the involved layers.
<em>C. Faults are younger than the youngest layer they cut through.</em> RIGHT. A fault is a cut through different layers that occurs when the sedimentary rock breaks transversally. It occurs always after the sedimentary rock is already formed. So the fault is always younger than all the layers it cuts through.
D. Rock layers that have been overturned are oldest from the base to the surface. WRONG. If <u>overturned</u>, according to the superposition low, layers are oldest from the surface to the base. Superposition law states that during the sedimentary rock formation, the oldest layer is always that one at the bottom, while the younger layer is the higher one.
