U.S. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen , and Abandoned Lands was established by Congress to provide practical aid to 4,000,000 newly freed Black Americans in their transition from slavery to freedom.
Founded by Abraham Lincoln.
Religion played a decisive role in both governments of Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.
In Ancient Egypt, the Pharaoh was believed to have descended from the realm of the Gods. His role was that of an intermediary between them and the people of the empire. His obligation was to sustain rituals for the gods in order to maintain an order in the universe. Massive amounts of resources were also assigned to the creation of temples where these rituals were held.
In Mesopotamia, the King was considered as a religious leader. He exercised the cult with the help of specialists whose task was to serve as an intermediary between men and the gods. These group of specialists included a "supervising" priest for purification against demons, priests for the purification of the temple, and priests for appeasing the anger of the gods and its subsequent wrath.
The correct answer to this question is formalism. The aesthetic theory that Picasso's portrait of Gertrude stein adheres to is formalism. Thank you for posting your question. I hope this answer helped you. Let me know if you need more help.
To make it easier to govern at a smaller level. It also makes sure one person doesn’t have too much power and gives accurate results with what the people want.