Answer:
Animal cells tend to do best in an isotonic environment, plant cells tend to do best in
a hypotonic environment. This is demonstrated in the attached PDF.
Explanation:
A cell that does not have a rigid cell wall, such as a red blood cell, will swell and lyse (burst) when placed in a hypotonic solution, a process called cytolysis. Cells with a cell wall will swell when placed in a hypotonic solution, but once the cell is turgid (firm), the tough cell wall prevents any more water from entering the cell. When placed in a hypertonic solution, a cell without a cell wall will lose water to the environment, shrivel, and probably die. In a hypertonic solution, a cell with a cell wall will lose water too. The plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall as it shrivels, a process called plasmolysis.
I hope this helps. If not I am really sorry!
Answer and Explanation:
In rest, attraction strengths between myosin and actin filaments are inhibited by the tropomyosin. When the muscle fiber membrane depolarizes, the action potential caused by this depolarization enters the t-tubules depolarizing the inner portion of the muscle fiber. This activates calcium channels in the T tubules membrane and releases calcium into the sarcolemma. At this point, tropomyosin is obstructing binding sites for myosin on the thin filament. When calcium binds to the troponin C, the troponin T alters the tropomyosin by moving it and then unblocks the binding sites. Myosin heads bind to the uncovered actin-binding sites forming cross-bridges, and while doing it ATP is transformed into ADP and inorganic phosphate which is released. Myofilaments slide impulsed by chemical energy collected in myosin heads, producing a power stroke. The power stroke initiates when the myosin cross-bridge binds to actin. As they slide, ADP molecules are released. A new ATP links to myosin heads and breaks the bindings to the actin filament. Then ATP splits into ADP and phosphate, and the energy produced is accumulated in the myosin heads, which starts a new binding cycle to actin. Z-bands are then pulled toward each other, thus shortening the sarcomere and the I-band, and producing muscle fiber contraction.
Answer:
In an ecosystem, everything is connected. All ecosystems have some form of food chain and symbiosis. This means that animals rely on each other for life. If one animal were to die then others would be negatively affected. Overall, this means that when biodiversity is lost it becomes harder for organisms to survive. For example, pandas rely on bamboo to survive. So, when it gets cut down and destroyed the pandas also suffer. Additionally, in ecosystems, a wide variety of organisms helps other living creates have more forms of survival. This shows how important biodiversity is.
In liquid media or broth difference between dry and wet will give biomass of the Epulopiscium.
Explanation:
Biomass of bacteria can be measured by dry or wet mass. Bacteria numbers can be counted by spread plate method under the microscope.
In solid media the colonies obtained are diluted and number of cells will be seen by plate count method or on automated cell counter. The number would help calculate biomass
The biomass will be calculated by measuring wet and dry mass. Equipments required will be:
hydraulic gravity convection oven and centrifugation set up.
A cellulose acetate filter membrane is used which is 47 mm in diameter and 0.45 micron of pore size.
The cells grown settles down due to gravity. They are stirred to evenly spread in the broth and is kept in centrifuge.
The cells obtained after centrifugation will be taken and wet weight is obtained.
To obtain dry weight the cells are placed in oven for 6 hours to 24 hours. The resultant cells are weighed and dry weight obtained.
Biomass will be calculated by subtracting the wet mass to dry mass. This way biomass is obtained in epulopisicuium. Here the cells will be of different size so on centrifugation 2 or more phases of cells can be seen due to gravity change.
Sensory peripheral nervous system and the motor peripheral nervous system
