The transitions were sudden and due of violence, and culturally disruptive
Racism was the major blow which the American faced. Progressive era was the age in which there was an enormous growth in the economy and the cities were crowded, urbanization resulted, gulf between the rich and poor was huge and racism was also prevalent.
Segregation of African Americans were not given the right if enfranchisement. Many reformers, educators, journalists rose to the occasion during progressive era to fight for abolition of racism and segregation.
Washington and W.E.B. Du bois consistently fought for the welfare of African Americans. Jim Crow laws which were emphasizing separate but equal doctrine were abandoned and equality was sought for.
Answer:
Functional art is generally applied art - art created for use, designed to serve a purpose and with an aesthetic in mind. It's art that serves a function, but is also designed artistically for purpose of displaying beauty.
