The Catholic church in Italy was controlled by the medieval popes, and the bishops were often worldly figures to nobles. The controversy of lay investiture was initiated by a decree from Pope Gregory VII in 1075, ended in an 1122 compromise called the Concordat of Worms. Pope Innocent III, in the 1200s, used tools such as spiritual to bring the church to the height of its political power.
Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese sailor, set out to circumnavigate the world on the tenth of August in 1519. The crew along with the ship left from Seville in southern Spain and the crew members were from several nations, such as Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Belgium, Germany, England and France. Magellan was an explorer and helped organize the Spanish expedition, which he undertook for the Spanish monarchy, which was supposed to end up in the East Indies (which is now southern and south-eastern Asia).
Your answer is (4) influence the price of oil and set production levels
To mark a momentous occasion that the first president of the United States is leaving office
Answer:
Explanation:
The United States felt that they had been betrayed by the Soviet Union when the Soviet decided to be self-preserving instead of acting like the ally they were supposed to be according to the idea within the Yalta agreement. Beyond the Yalta agreement turmoil, the United States found evidence that they Soviet Union had been spying on them during the time they were supposed to have been allies. In the end, both side lost trust in each other and became enemies.
