if an independent-measures study uses n = 15 participants in each group to compare two treatment conditions. then 28 is the df value for the t statistic for this study.
The t-statistic, which is used in statistics, measures how far a parameter's estimated value deviates from its hypothesised value relative to its standard error. Through the Student's t-test, it is utilised in hypothesis testing. In a t-test, the t-statistic is used to decide whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis. The t-statistic is used when the sample size is small or the population standard deviation is unknown. It is quite similar to the z-score in other respects. Once the standard deviation is unknown, the t-statistic is in use, for one, to approximate the population mean from a sampling distribution of sample statistics.
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Answer:
Rehabilitation, in which a more natural environment is very important to achieve good results in this process.
Explanation:
The idea of a rehabilitation process is to break the vicious circle of recidivism, providing prison administrations with sufficient technical guidance on how to start or improve their rehabilitation programs, together with both governmental and non-governmental actors, society civil and private sector. An example could be communication about the purposes of God and based on this a radical change could be achieved in those people.
Answer:
Explanation:
Difference between amphibians and reptiles: Among the animals in the animal kingdom, amphibians and reptiles are the most frequently interchanged. But did you know that even in early 1800, there had already been studies showing that the two are of different classes?
A zoologist named Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti termed “Reptilia” as a separate division from “Amphibia“. Since then, it became clearer that they are different in many aspects. Let’s explore the difference between amphibians and reptiles and also similarities between them in this article.
The word “amphibia” refers to a “double life” which in turn refers to the ability of the members of Class Amphibia to live both in water and on land. Basically, the Class Amphibia is composed of three orders: Anura (includes frogs and toads), Urodela (includes salamanders), and Apoda (caecillians).
Amphibians are unable to regulate their body temperature.
After hatching from eggs, they undergo through a larval stage which can range from just 10 days up to 20 years (for some species)!
During their larval stage, amphibians breathe through their gills but later on develop their lungs as they move on to land.
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