Answer:B - Are difficult to manage because there are few options
Explanation: Bottlenecks buy is the purchase of products that have limited manufacturers as well as distributors. This process is a difficult one as its always very difficult to decide on immediate action because of the unreliability of the manufactures/distributors of the products.
Well because a retrospective or ex post facto study offers a higher level of control than a correctional study!!
Answer:
Payback = 5.25 years
Explanation:
If a project has equal annual cash-flows, the payback period can be easily calculated using the formula:

The question does not make specific reference to cash-flows from the project, but the reduction in operating costs every year resulting from the acquisition of this machine is treated as an increase in net cashflows before taxes for the company, and as such will be used as the cash-flows for capital investment analysis.
As such:

Known as a DOP/DP.
Using it for film and television,
Provide some business examples. The strategic goal which an IS can attain without involving wresting market share from competitors by following certain measures like: By lowering the price of units to sell while maintaining the quality of the products. By offering new products and services.