The first and lowest level contains the producers, green plants. The plants or their products are consumed by the second-level organisms—the herbivores, or plant eaters. At the third level, primary carnivores, or meat eaters, eat the herbivores; and at the fourth level, secondary carnivores eat the primary carnivores.
Activated partial thromboplastin
time (aPTT) is the blood test to monitor anticoagulation therapy for patients
taking heparin. The purpose of carrying out the Activated partial
thromboplastin time (aPTT) test is to find out if the right dose of heparin is
being used.
Well the soil classification is usually done on the basis of particle sizes and composition of soil.
<span>Clay </span>usually consists of particles less than 0.075 mm in size. It is a sticky soil and shows great changes in volume with variation in its water contact. It also shows considerable strength when air dried.
<span>Silt </span>has larger particles than clay and are mainly inorganic in nature. The particle size is less than 0.075mm and exhibits slightly plastic or non plastic behaviour.
Humus is soil consisting of dead and decaying organic matter. It is mainly organic in content but some inorganic particles may be mixed in it. The top soil in a tropical forest may be considered as humus.
Individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency have increased resistance to malaria because the parasite does not survive well in cells with oxidative stress.
<h3>What is the link between G6P deficiency and malaria?</h3>
- Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked recessive disorder.
- G6PD protects cells from oxidative damage especially the RBCs whose main function is to carry oxygen.
- Mutation in the gene results in G6PD deficiency leading to oxidative stress which can lead to anemia (iron deficiency) as there is breakdown of RBCs.
- However, G6PD deficiency is quite common in parts of Africa, Middle East, and South Asia, which are the regions of high malaria endemism.
- This is due to natural selection in which G6PD deficiency is not eliminated from the population as it can protect people from malaria infection.
- Malaria parasite <em>Plasmodium</em> species does not survive well in cells with oxidative stress.
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