The main structure of epidermis is composed of 4 layers or strata. From bottom to top, these are:
- stratum basale attached to the basement membrane.
- two intermediate layers (stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum), and
- at the top is stratum corneum.
- There is also a 'thick skin' or the fifth stratum present at the feet and palm, known as stratum lucidum. It is present between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum.
Stratum basale is the deepest layer attached to the basement. Stratum spinosum makes the skin strong and flexible. Stratum granulosum prevents water loss from the body. Stratum corneum acts as a protective barrier on the outermost side of the skin. Stratum lucidum is made up of dead cells present only in thick skin.
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Explanation:
13 is products and for 14 i cant see the whole diagram
The answer to this would be D: physical components of the environment, such as rocks and sand. The word "biotic" mean all the living organisms within an ecosystem such as plants and animals.
Scientists use fossils to study earth history by identifying the fossil and what era it came from. By knowing what era the fossil came from and what location it was found, scientists can make assumptions about the earth formation at that time.
