Salutations!
<span>Cells that perform similar functions combine to form: ----
</span><span>Cells that perform similar functions combine to form: tissues. A group of tissues working together combine to form an organ system. Organs working together combine to form an organ system. Organ system performing their functions makes an organism.
Thus, your answer is option D.
Hope I helped (:
Have a great day!</span>
The mouth is the beginning of the digestion tract , our mouth also produces enzymes to begin the process of digestion
Simple version:
First, the section with the desirable gene must be identified. Assuming that has already happened, the section of DNA must be excised from the original genome using restriction enzymes, which recognize certain DNA sequences and snip DNA at those sites. DNA ligase is used to "glue" these ends back together. The DNA is inserted into a plasmid (also with restriction enzymes), which would usually contain antibiotic-resistance genes (so they survive in an environment containing the antibiotic, which would also help show if the bacteria have been successfully transformed).
Then comes the actual transformation process. The bacteria to be transformed are mixed with calcium chloride (which causes the bacteria to be more receptive to the plasmids) and then mixed with the plasmids. The bacterial cells are subjected to a heat shock (the solution is heated and rapidly cooled, e.g. by placing the mixture in a hot water bath and quickly transferred to ice) so they will take up the plasmid (since the temperature change makes the membrane more permeable). The bacteria are placed on a growth medium containing the antibiotic they're resistant to. Only those successfully transformed would survive.
