Question

Climatologists, biologists, and geologists conduct studies in this area which does not belong to any nation.

Answer 1

The answer is Antarctica.

There is a treaty that "governs" Antarctica. It is called Antarctic Treaty.

It was signed in 1959 by 12 countries. Scientists who are from those 12 countries have been working in and around Antarctica at that time.

There are 7 countries that claim part of the territory of Antarctica: Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand, France, Norway and the UK.

There is an article in the Treaty (Article IV) that says: "No acts or activities taking place while the present Treaty is in force shall constitute  a basis for asserting, supporting or denying a claim to territorial sovereignty in Antarctica or create any rights of sovereignty in Antarctica. No new claim, or enlargement of an existing claim to territorial sovereignty in Antarctica shall be asserted while the present Treaty is in force."

Answer 2

Antarctica. There's conflicting info on this one but as far as your test/research goes, it's most certainly not any of the others.