Question

What do we finally find out about where holden is while he is telling the story?

Answer 1

There is this sentence that Holden says that helps us find out about his exact location in the story:
“This one psychoanalyst guy they have here, keeps asking me if I’m going to apply myself when I go back to school next September.”
Based on this sentence, we can conclude that Holden is in a psychiatric hospital, where his mental state is being estimated.