Question

How have industrial carbon energy systems transformed natural landscapes and generated mass political movements over the last 200 years?

Answer 1

The need for carbon had changed landscapes. In the 1800s, coal and oil became one of the main sources of energy. Coal makes the steam engine work and run a train. A lot of trees were cut down to provide for this energy even lands were destroyed to find oil. This made industries prosper, but also transformed landscapes as well. People got employed because of the need for this industrialization. 

Industries demanded more from the people to gain capital and work outputs. It resulted in higher tariffs, longer hours of work and children employment. These problems raised the mass movements in the 19th century.

Until now there are still movements that oppose industries that have poor carbon management inefficiencies that rapidly causes global warming.
  
Today have existing countries have existing organizations that try to discover ways to manage, study, plan and implement reduction carbon emissions.