The Civil War impact on literature was mainly seen in the resurgence of the Slave Narrative (prior, through and after the war), as well as Transcendentalism and Realism in literature.
I would say that a hoax deal in deception, whereas a prank deals in a practical joke sort of manner.
Last one I believe is the correct answer :)
This logical fallacy is called "ad hominem", which means "to the man" in latin. It means that, instead of debating about the specific question, you rather attack the person, in an attempt to discredit him and his words.
It is a logical fallacy because, when debating about anything, you should always and only talk about the actual point, instead of considering who said what.
If a serial killer claims that 2+2 equals 4, you can say something like "don't listen to him! He's a serial killer!". Yes, he may be one of the worst human being to have ever lived, but it doesn't change that this specific claim he made is true.
