First of he died stabbed. One of his "friends" Brutus helped stab him I believe he was stabbed 32 or 36 times. His last words were to Brutus and they were"u too? His death lead to an empire because his nehpew was next in reign. Augustus made the empire.
The scientific scholars that are described by the details present in the question provided would be the political anthropologists. By definition, a political anthropologist is a scientist that mainly do his research in the field of analysing the history and the processes of politics as well as how it impact the society.
It gave them the right to fight for the sates of kansas and nebraska because if the won there would be more slave states than free.